每当你对孩子想要的任何东西都说不的时候,他可能会像幼儿一样突然愤怒。他甚至可以重复规则,似乎慢慢明白不能采取激烈的行为,但是当他发怒的那一刻,这些概念就都被抛之脑后了。即使在一个学前儿童的玩耍中,也能看到令人惊讶的攻击行为,比如他会用手指指着你,并威胁着对你射击。
The reason preschoolers are so aggressive is that they experience their desires as urgent, and cannot tolerate frustration. They are not so far from being babies, when they would cry, scream, and use their body to express their emotions. Now, even with a greater facility with words, they cannot control their emotions.
学前儿童有如此激烈的攻击行为是因为他们正经历着迫切的欲望,并且没有办法容忍沮丧。当他们还在哭、尖叫并且用肢体语言表达他们的情绪时,说明他们脱离婴儿期的时间还不够长。现在,即使他们能够使用更好的词汇(描述事物),但是他们还不能控制自己的情绪。
One of the major tasks of the preschool years is for children to gain greater control over their impulses. As you work with your child setting limits in a kind, supportive way, sometime around five she will show a real advancement in self-control.
对于学前年龄的儿童来说,一个最主要的任务就是让他们对冲动有更好的控制力。当你和孩子一起用友好、鼓励性的方式设置(情绪)界限时,有时候只需大约5分钟,她就能展现出在自制力上的进步。
这里有一些方法可以帮助你的孩子达到这个重要的目标。
Set clear limits. 设置清楚的界限。
告诉你的孩子,“我们不打(咬或踢)任何家人。这会伤害别人。”
Acknowledge your child's wish. 承认孩子的愿望。
尝试想个办法帮助你的孩子放手。比如,你可以说,“如果你赶快行动,准备好睡觉,我们可以设置一个计时,你还可以再玩五分钟。”
As your child grows, she will have a better sense of time and the future and be aware that she can let go for now, and she will have her beloved iPad soon again.
当你的孩子长大了,他就会有更好的时间感和未来感,并且可以意识到现在自己可以放手,而且很快还会再见到心爱的iPad。