我们可以提高短短暂记忆的能力吗?
当然可以了! Extensive and deliberate practice
大量的有针对性练习
Extensive and deliberate practice makes it possible for students to access and apply increasingly complex information without explicitly thinking about it. In other words, it increases automaticity.
大量的针对性练习会最大程度的让学生们不假思索地应用所学技能解决越来越难的题目。换句话说,就是要增加机械性。
Chunking can develop experts’ schema.
模块能够帮助专家提高纲要
Information stored in the brain in larger chunks of integrated concepts are known as “schemas.” For example, a novice chess player who does not yet have complex schemas for chess playing has to devote his or her limited working memory to processing large amounts of information while playing (Anderson, 1966).
“纲要”,是指大脑中存储在整合概念下的模块化信息。例如,一个国际象棋的新手,在不具备应对象棋的复杂局势时,就必须调动所有且有限的工作记忆来处理当前复杂棋局。然而,一个专家则可以轻而易举地进入到长久记忆的框架中。