How do the people around you affect your expression of anger and gratitude?
周围的人对你表达生气和感激会有怎样的影响？
Post published by Guest Blogger on Jun 24, 2015 in Brainstorm
What do you and your group of friends have in common? Do you share a love for running, or do you all have the same wry sense of humor? It turns out you may have more in common than you even realize: Over time, research has found, groups can come to shape our emotions.
你和你圈子里的好朋友们有什么共同点吗？你们都热爱跑步，亦或是你们都有相互挖苦式的幽默感？事实证明，你们拥有的共同点甚至比你意识到的还要多：研究发现，时间越久，同一个圈子里的朋友会塑造我们的情绪。
这个实验邀请了295名学生参加，将他们分成68组，每组4-6人不等，这68个小组都将参加为期一个学期的项目。13周之后要求他们完成一份调查问卷，报告在与小组成员合作时，他们经历的愤怒和感谢有多么强烈，以及在这个小组中他们接受的这些情绪的普遍程度和适当程度。通过这种方法，研究人员才能评估出一个小组的情绪标准是如何影响个人情绪的。
Group members’ emotions converged over time, with their reported experiences of anger and gratitude becoming more similar throughout the course of 13 weeks. Researchers found that an individual's emotional experiences at one time predicted the group’s emotional norms at a later time, showing that an individual can alter the group’s norms.
经过一段时间之后，小组成员的情绪会趋同，通过他们的报告可以得知，在13周的过程中，他们经历的愤怒和感谢开始变得相似。研究人员发现，某个时刻个人经历的情绪会预示着以后整个小组的情绪标准，表明个人也可以改变小组的情绪标准。
The reverse was also found: Group norms predicted individual group members’ reports, indicating that perceiving certain emotions as desirable and present within a group influences one’s emotional experience.
反之亦然，这也已经被证实：小组标准可以预测小组成员的报告，这也说明接受报告中描述的某种情绪，并将其呈现在小组中可以影响个人的情绪经历。
“You infer from what people do what the norm is, and that in term informs how you can feel,” psychologist Batja Mesquita says. When people in a group express gratitude often, it “becomes more of a norm to be grateful.” But the same holds true for anger. “If other group members are angry, then that tells you that anger is permitted,” she said. “If you see other people angry all the time, it becomes very natural to interpret behavior as blameworthy and calling for aggression.”
“你从人们的行为中可以推测出标准是什么，这种信息会告诉你你可以怎样感觉，”心理学家Batja Mesquita这样说。在一个小组中，如果人们常常表达感谢，那么“感激的情绪就更多的会变为标准”。但是这也同样适用于生气。“如果其他小组成员生气，那么这就告诉你（在这里）生气是允许的，”她说。“如果你看到他人总是生气，你就会非常自然地将这种行为转译，认为这种行为应该受到指责，这就会呼吁攻击。”
When you and your friends hang out, sharing a hobby or a passion that brings you closer together, think about what else you may share. As positivity and negativity circulate, the people you surround yourself with can both drag you down and lift you up.
当你和你的朋友出去闲逛，分享一个能使你们更靠近彼此的爱好或激情，思考一下，除了这个你还可以分享什么。作为积极情绪和消极情绪的循环，围绕在你身边的人可以把你拉下泥潭，也可以帮你振作精神。