培养学习动力的过程就是匹配学生选择的过程，这样学生就可以把选择的价值当做一种工具，来满足他们的学习需要和学习目标。同时，老师必须设定清晰的目标，帮助学生明白他们做出的选择与老师设定的目标是一致的。
Teachers should set clear performance standards at the beginning of a course or class. Students need to know exactly what is expected of them, how they will be graded, and what supports will be available to them if they need help learning the information or skills.
老师在开始讲课的时候就应该设置清楚的学习标准。学生需要清楚的知道老师对他们的期望，他们将会怎样被划分，如果他们学习知识或技能需要帮助，那么他们可以得到什么样的帮助。
Teachers should provide meaningful choices to students so that students will develop a sense of ownership over the learning process. As part of the process of offering these choices, teachers must be clear about how the choices relate to the learning objectives.
老师应该给学生提供有意义的选择，这样学生才会培养出学习的自主意识。作为提供的选择，老师必须清楚这些选择与学习目标有着怎样的联系。
Teachers should provide feedback to students that give them precise information about the particular skills they have acquired and/or need to improve in order to be successful in their class.
老师应该给学生反馈单，准确的反馈他们已经掌握了哪些技能，如果要获得学业上的成功，那么哪些技能还需要进一步提升。
Teachers should encourage students to assess their own learning progress by using charts or journals, so they can evaluate the progress they are making as they acquire relevant knowledge and skills.
老师应该鼓励学生通过表格或日志来评估自己的学习进程，这样他们自己也可以评估已经掌握的相关知识和技能。
