标题: Why Teens with Low Self-Esteem Become Depressed as Adults [打印本页] 作者: SADE 时间: 2014-11-26 15:33 标题: Why Teens with Low Self-Esteem Become Depressed as Adults
The Vulnerability Model assumes that that having low self-esteem makes people less emotionally resilient and therefore more vulnerable to depression （脆弱模型假设低自尊的人情绪或情感的弹性更少，所以更脆弱容易低自尊）
The Scar Model assumes that having depression has a negative impact on how people feel about themselves which results in low self-esteem （伤痕模型假设抑郁的人对自己的消极意识导致了低自尊）
在2014年的一个研究中，来自瑞士苏黎世大学和加州大学戴维斯分校的研究者们查看了跨度20年的研究数据，其中的被试在12-16岁时每年评估一次，然后在20年后的35岁再测一次。The researchers looked at both a global measure of self-esteem (how participants felt about themselves in general) and two measures of specific self-esteem that are highly important to adolescents—how they felt about their physical attractiveness and their academic competence.【研究者们不仅查看自尊的整体测量（也就是参与者一般是怎么看待他们自己的）还进行了2个自尊的特别因素测量—也就是对青春期的孩子们很重要的外表吸引力和学业竞争力。】
These findings indicate how important it is for parents of teenagers and teens themselves to pay attention to their self-esteem.（这些发现表明青少年及他们的父母去关注他们的自尊是多么重要的一件事。）青春期是一个生理和情绪都狂暴的时期，此时也是许多年轻人与低自尊抗争的时期。尽管如此，如果一个青少年的低自尊一直不改善或者显示了持续的下降，明智的做法是采取行动增加他们的自我价值感以降低他们罹患成年抑郁的风险。
这并不是说父母必须立即拖着他们的小孩去进行心理治疗，也有很多提高自信的方法，这些并不一定需要专业精神卫生的服务。Parents and teens would be advised to become informed about science-based self-help techniques for improving self-esteem such as self-affirmation exercises and self-compassion.（建议父母和小孩们应该变得更关注科学性的自我救助技巧比如自我肯定和自我同理心练习。）