[attach]9671[/attach] The Faces of Bullying - Helping Kids Through Tough Times
面对恐吓——帮助孩子挺过艰难时刻
October is National Bullying Prevention Month. What can adults do to help?
十月是全国预防恐吓月（美国）。成年人能够提供什么帮助呢？
Posted Oct 26, 2015
Over the last few years, bullying has received well-deserved attention from school administrations, parents and the media. When bullying happens, it affects not only children, but it also their parents and their schools. October is National Bullying Prevention Awareness Month, so it is important to remember all the people affected – including both the victim and the bully.
在过去的几年里，校园暴力当之无愧地牵引着学校管理者、家长和媒体的目光。当恐吓事件发生时，不仅会影响学生，也会影响他们的父母和学校。十月是全国恐吓预防宣传月（美国），所有的人都被影响——包括受害者和施害者，所以记住这点很重要。
Children who are bullied do not always tell adults what has happened because they feel ashamed, embarrassed, or like they may get in trouble themselves. Some signs that a child has been a victim of bullying can include:
被恐吓的孩子通常不会告诉大人发生过了什么，因为他们会觉得羞愧、尴尬或者有类似于自己可能会陷入麻烦的担忧。一些信号可以显示一个孩子已经是恐吓的受害者，这些信号包括：
Withdrawal from family members, friends, and activities
从家庭成员、朋友和活动中抽身而出
Avoiding school or group gatherings including lunch and recess
避免学校或集体活动，包括吃午饭和休息
Going right to class rather than socializing during breaks between classes
宁愿直接去教室也不愿意在课间休息时间进行社交活动
Slipping grades
成绩下滑
"Acting out" in anger at home
生气的时候在家“宣泄”
Increase in nervousness especially related to social situations
紧张感增加，尤其是在与社交情形相关的时候
Changes in sleep or appetite
睡眠和胃口发生变化
Worries about making new friends
在结交新朋友的时候很担心
It is common for parents to struggle with what to do when they learn their child has been bullied, OR when they learn their child bullied someone else. In both cases, it can be very helpful to work with school administration, particularly if the children attend the same school.
当家长们得知自己的孩子被恐吓或恐吓他人时，他们内心挣扎着不知如何是好，这个很正常。在这两种情况中，与学校管理人员一起努力会很有帮助，尤其是这些孩子们上同一所学校。
这个取决于实际情况的严重性，学校行政管理能够支持许多事情，其中包括：
1. Facilitating a meeting between families and students
推动一场几个家庭和学生的见面会
2. Meeting with families and students individually to review policies on bullying and providing support to victims so they feel keep confidence at school
分别和几个家庭、学生见面修订有关恐吓的条例，并且给受害者提供支持使他们在学校里继续保持自信
3. Speaking to the school community as a whole about how bullying is unacceptable and students should feel safe to tell teachers and parents
对学校的全体师生讲明白恐吓是绝对不允许的，并且对于告知老师们和家长事实，学生们应该感到安全
4. Setting clear expectations for student behavior going forward
给学生们设置清晰的行为典范
5. Separating children in ways that make them feel safe and supported
采用多种方式给学生们分组，使他们感觉安全和被支持
Parents and teachers can support children in a number of ways to help prevent similar incidents from occurring in the future. It is very important that adults do not forget limits or changes that have occurred in a child’s life either at home and school because the emotional impact on students continues for some time. Adults can:
家长和老师可以通过多种方法帮助孩子预防再次发生同类事情。家长要记得那些发生在孩子身上的限制和变化，这一点非常重要，不管这些变化是在学校还是在家，因为情绪给学生们造成的影响会持续一段时间。成年人可以这样做：
Praise children for talking about what happened
孩子们说出发生什么事情后，要表扬孩子
Communicate to victims that it is not their fault
和受害人交流，告诉他们这不是他们的错
Ensure that victims know what happened is not acceptable and that they do not need to hold on to a feeling of responsibility
确保受害人知道已经发生的事情是不被允许的，并且他们不必因为责任感而犹豫不前
Keep evidence of being bullied
保留被恐吓的证据
Help students who bully to get support from a child psychologist as often, they have challenges with navigating social situations, taking the perspective of others, impulse control, anxiety, and self-confidence
Continue to check in with students and teach strategies for how to cope and move on
持续跟进学生情况，并且教他们一些如何应对恐吓和如何前进的策略
Encourage students to continue on with their regular routines as much as possible
鼓励学生尽可能多的继续原来的日常生活
While it is never an easy conversation for parents to hear or to have, it is important to get in front of bullying as quickly as possible. It is important to alleviate a situation before it escalates out of control to kids – both bullies and victims – safe and happy.
尽管对于父母来说这绝对不是一个容易的谈话，但是在孩子受到恐吓前告诉他们这些内容很重要，越早越好。在事情超出控制之前缓解形势——不管是对恐吓者还是受害者，都是如此——这样做对孩子们的安全和快乐都十分重要。
是处理思路的指引文章吧