1.Infuse integrity into the classroom culture. 将诚信正直灌输到班级文化中
Teachers make integrity the norm in their classrooms in several important ways. They clearly articulate expectations about academic integrity and the consequences of cheating. But they go beyond the issue of cheating to create a culture that rewards success beyond grades. If students have only grades to measure themselves, then cheating is often a justifiable strategy to beat the system. If students are also rewarded for their courage, hard work, determination, and respect for classmates, they see and understand that the process of learning comes first. This kind of culture fosters integrity.
老师通过几种重要的方式将诚信正直的准则灌输到自己班级文化中。老师们可以清楚地说明自己对学生在学习上的诚信方面的期望以及作弊的后果。但是不只是停留在作弊的问题上,老师们还可以创造一种文化,奖励那些成功进步的同学,不在乎进步了多少分。如果学生们只用成绩来衡量自己,那么作弊就常常会成为一种合理的策略来击败这个评价体系。如果因为勇气、努力学习、决心、尊重同学而奖励学生,那么他们会看到、会明白学习过程是第一位的道理。这种文化氛围会促进诚信正直。
2.Develop a moral vocabulary. 发展一个道德词汇
根据美国学术诚信研究中心,有关学术诚信的五个基本价值观的词汇是:
Responsibility
责任
Respect
尊重
Fairness
公正
Trustworthiness
可信
Honesty
诚实
Incorporate the teaching of these five values into the curriculum and help students use the vocabulary to discuss a variety of historical topics and current events. While dishonesty and disrespect flourish in civil society, ask students to find examples of how individuals stood up for their beliefs and values in ways that made a difference for themselves or the world.
包括将这五个价值观传授在课堂中,并且帮助学生们运用这些词汇讨论丰富的历史主题和当前事件。当不诚实和不尊重在平民社会中繁荣发展时,要求学生们找出一些例子—— 一些人是如何为了自己的信仰和价值观挺身而出为他们自己或世界做出改变的。
3.Respond appropriately when cheating occurs. 当发生作弊行为时要恰当回应
While teachers cannot control student behavior, they can respond with consistency when enforcing school and classroom policies. In a classroom culture that places learning first, dishonest behavior is a teachable moment. To help internalize learning, ensure that students reflect on and glean meaning from their behavior. Listen and show respect for their thinking, and then restate your expectations that dishonesty is never acceptable in your classroom.
虽然老师们不能控制学生的行为,但是他们的回应可以始终如一,强力执行学校和班级的规定。在班级文化中将学习放在第一位,将不诚实的行为作为一个受教育的时刻。为了帮助学生们将价值观内在化,要确保学生们能够自我反省,并从他们的行为中领悟到意义。倾听并展现出对其想法的尊重,然后重申你的期望,即不诚实在你的班级中是不被接受的。
4.Use quotes to ignite meaningful conversations. 利用引述来点燃有意义的谈话
Famous quotes can be used as conversation starters to help students reflect on topics related to integrity, moral development, and other attitudes that help them develop positive work habits and respectful relationships. Elementary school teacher, Steve Reifman, uses a “quote of the day” as a positive morning exercise in his 3rd and 4th grade classes.
著名的引文可以用来做谈话的引子,帮助学生反思那些与诚信正直、道德发展、其他态度有关的话题,以此帮助他们培养积极的学习习惯和尊重型的人际关系。小学教师Steve Reifman在他执教的三年级班级和四年级班级中运用“今日名言”作为一天早晨的积极锻炼。
Quotes can be used with students at almost any age. For older students, they are often used as starters for journal or essay writing projects.
这种名言引用几乎适用于所有年龄段的学生。对于年级大一点的学生来说,这些名言常常被用作日记或论文的开头。
Passion for teaching and giving back to the next generation.
热爱教学并且将热情回报给下一代
Modeling a clear set of values and acting in ways that supported those values.
确立一套明确的价值观并且以实际行动支持这些价值观
Commitment to giving freely of their time and talents.
致力于给(学生们)自由时间以及(允许学生们)自由发挥才智
Selflessness and acceptance of people different from themselves.
无私忘我以及接受不同于他们自己的人
Ability to overcome obstacles and show students that success is possible.
有能力克服障碍并且向学生们展示成功是有可能实现的
When young people learn to believe in themselves, dishonesty and disrespect no longer make much sense. Living with integrity becomes a way of life.
当年轻的孩子学会相信自己时,不诚实和不尊重就不再有那么多的意义。诚信正直的生活将会变成一种生活方式。